Arap Mosque

Arap Mosque

Located in Istanbul’s Karaköy district, the Arap Mosque (Arap Camii) is a unique structure that attracts both local and international visitors with its rich history and distinctive architecture. At first glance, the building resembles a Gothic cathedral more than a mosque, which immediately sets it apart. With roots that go back to the Byzantine period, this building, originally constructed as a church and later converted into a mosque, is a living testament to Istanbul’s multicultural and religiously diverse history.

Historical Background of Arap Mosque

The Arap Mosque was built in 1325 by the Genoese, in the district then known as Galata, as a church for the Dominican Order. Originally named Saint Paul’s Church, it is one of the rare examples of Gothic architecture in Istanbul. Under an agreement between the Genoese and the Byzantine Empire, this church served as the representative religious structure for the Western Roman Catholic community in the city.

After the conquest of Istanbul in 1453, the building came under Ottoman control. In 1475, during the reign of Sultan Bayezid II, it was converted into a mosque and took on its current name, Arap Camii (Arap Mosque). A minaret was added, interior alterations were made, and the structure was adapted to suit Islamic worship practices.

Where Does the Name “Arap Mosque” Come From?

There are two main theories regarding the origin of the mosque’s name. The first suggests that it is named after Maslama ibn Abd al-Malik, an Umayyad commander who besieged Istanbul in the 7th century. The second and more widely accepted theory claims that the name came from the time when the mosque served a Muslim Arab community expelled from Spain. This reflects the mosque’s multicultural and diverse heritage.

Architectural Features

The Arap Mosque stands out from other mosques in Istanbul due to its distinct architectural features. With its Gothic-style pointed arches, rectangular floor plan, and high ceilings, the building closely resembles a European church. The wooden minaret, added during the Ottoman period, gives the mosque a unique identity.

Inside, the mosque features wooden columns, large stained-glass windows, and stone walls, which together create a blend of both Western and Eastern architectural elements. Islamic features such as the mihrab, minbar, and pulpit were added during its conversion. In this sense, Arap Mosque reflects a successful synthesis of Gothic and Islamic architecture.

Cultural Significance of the Arap Mosque

The importance of the Arap Mosque lies not only in its architecture but also in its historical and cultural background. As one of the first mosques made available to the Muslim population after the conquest of Istanbul, it served a significant religious function during the early Ottoman period. It also housed educational institutions such as madrasahs and schools, contributing to religious and academic life.

Moreover, situated in the culturally diverse neighborhood of Karaköy, the mosque has long existed within a community where Christians, Jews, and Muslims lived side by side for centuries. The Arap Mosque stands as a symbol of coexistence and cultural harmony.

Visitor Information

Today, the Arap Mosque is still open for worship and also welcomes visitors interested in history and architecture. Centrally located in Karaköy, it is easily accessible via public transportation, including the Tünel (historic underground funicular), tram, and ferry.

The mosque can be visited outside of prayer times, in accordance with general mosque etiquette. Photography is permitted, but visitors are expected to be respectful of those praying and adhere to modest dress codes during their visit.